|
The Andalusian independentist conspiracy in 1641 was an alleged conspiracy of Andalusian nobility for Andalusia to secede from Spain. The conspiracy was brought to an end in summer 1641 after the plans of rebellion were discovered. The alleged architects of the conspiracy were Gaspar Alonso Pérez de Guzmán, Ninth Duke of Medina Sidonia, and Francisco Manuel Silvestre de Guzmán, Sixth Marquis of Ayamonte. It has been interpreted that their intent was to lead an Andalusian uprising against King Philip IV of Spain and to install as monarch of Andalusia the duke himself, a member of one of Spain's oldest noble families, the House of Medina Sidonia. After more than three-and-a-half centuries, aspects of the episode remain unclear, and controversy about the conspiracy remains. ==The questionable nature of the conspiracy== Because the conspiracy was cut short, the true motives and ideas of the Andalusian nobles remain less than clear. The traditional interpretation is that nobles seeking power for themselves united in a secessionist movement similar to the successful movement in Portugal and the temporarily successful one in Catalonia. Another possibility is that they wanted to remove the king's favorite Gaspar de Guzmán, Count-Duke of Olivares from the government, to solve the economic crisis caused by Spain's ambitions in Europe, lower taxes, and hand back a healthier Andalusia to Philip. Their intent may have been a ''coup d'état'' originating in Andalusia, but not necessarily independentist in intent. Luisa Isabel Álvarez de Toledo, descendant of the duke and 21st holder of the title of the dukedom of Medina Sidonia, proposes yet another possibility: that there never was a conspiracy among these powerful Andalusian nobles, and that this was all a projection of the Count-Duke of Olivares provoked by envy that the king's favorite felt for the Duke of Medina Sidonia: the Count-Duke was a member of the House of Olivares, a minor branch of the House of Medina Sidonia. According to this theory, the Duke of Medina Sidonia never attacked Portugal, not because of a pact with his brother-in-law, the Portuguese king, but because of the weakness of the Spanish army on the Huelva frontier, a mere 3,000 men.〔According to documentation conserved in the Archive of the House of Medina Sidonia, especially in Leg 2.420, which brings together the letters exchanged by the Duke of Medina Sidonia with Philip IV and his secretaries in 1640 and 1641, there was no intention or even hint of an uprising on the part of the Duke, then a general in the ''plaza de armas'' of Ayamonte, nor on the part of his cousin the Marquis of Ayamonte, commander at the same military facility, both members of the council of war. See the (web site of the Fundación Casa de Medina Sidonia ) (in Spanish), section ''"Sublevación de Andalucía"'', which contains the full text of ''"Historia de una conjura"'' by Luisa Isabel Álvarez de Toledo, with links to photographs of the relevant documents (legible to those who can read the handwriting and language of the time).〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Andalusian independentist conspiracy (1641)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|